Luke shows Peter and Paul continuing the ministry of Jesus in the book of Acts. Representative examples are […]

1. Jesus seeks to correct messianic expectations and misunderstandings. 1:25, 34, 44; 3:12; 4:10–12; 5:18–19, 43; 8:30; 9:9 […]

Three times in Mark 8–10 Jesus predicts his death, the disciples fail to understand or to respond appropriately, and he […]

Reference Point of Conflict 2:1–12 forgiveness 2:15–17 eating with sinners 2:18–22 fasting 2:23–28 Sabbath 3:1–6 Sabbath, and the […]

1. Portrait of Jesus. Jesus is the true Messiah, Immanuel (God incarnate with his people), Son of God, King of […]

Creation day Psalm 104 verses Day 1 2a: light Day 2 2b–4: the “expanse” divides the waters Day 3 […]

Day Event Matthew Mark Luke John Friday/Saturday Jesus arrives in Bethany 12:1 Mary anoints Jesus 12:2–8 Crowd comes […]

Parable Matthew Mark Luke The Purpose of the Parables 13:10–17 4:10–12 8:9–10 The Sower 13:1–9, 18–23 4:1–9, 13–20 […]

Matthew 10:2–4 Mark 3:16–19 Luke 6:14–16 John (various verses) Acts 1:13 1. Simon, who is called Peter 1. […]

The authoritative message of the Messiah (Sermon on the Mount) chs. 5–7 The authoritative mission of the Messiah’s […]

5 b.c.* Jesus is born in Bethlehem. 4 b.c. Jesus’ family flees to Egypt to escape from Herod’s plan to […]

The OT prophets, writing from the vantage point of their present age (the time of promise), spoke of […]

Middle Platonists Expanded and dogmatized upon Plato’s concept of the realm of ideas/forms as more substantial than their […]

Augustus 31 b.c.–a.d. 14 Tiberius a.d. 14–37 Gaius Caligula a.d. 37–41 Claudius a.d. 41–54 Nero a.d. 54–68

This simplified version of the Herodian family tree focuses on those most relevant to NT study. Dates indicate […]

334–330b.c. Alexander the Great (356–323 b.c.) sweeps through Asia Minor and conquers the Persian Empire, including Egypt and Mesopotamia […]

Date Roman Emperors Roman Prefects/Procurators of Judea and Samaria Roman Prefects/ Procurators of All Israel Herodian Dynasty (37b.c.–a.d.93) […]

Second Temple Judaism developed as political authority changed hands from the Persians to the Greeks, to the Jewish […]

The word “covenant” (Hb. berit) in the OT entails four essential components: (1) a relationship (2) with a nonrelative […]

Why does the title “Lord of hosts” appear more frequently in Malachi than in any other OT book, and […]

Disputation Reference Summary Focus Disputation 1 1:2–5 Malachi begins by defending the reality of God’s elective love for […]

Vision Passage Content Summary Zechariah’s Question(s) to the Messenger Promise/Outcome 1 1:7–17 Vision of horsemen who “patrol the […]

Reference Date 1:1 eighth month of the second year of Darius October/November 520b.c. 1:7 24th day of the […]

Zechariah Text Content Summary NT Passages 9:9 the king comes to Zion humble and riding a donkey Matt. […]

Oracle Reference Date First 1:1 1st day of 6th month (Aug. 29) Second 1:15 24th day of 6th […]

The Neo-Assyrian period (935–609 b.c.) brought renewed threats from the Assyrians. God used the Assyrians to chasten wayward Israel. […]

1:2 The Lord confronts Jonah with the evil of the city Nineveh. 1:7 The sailors decide to cast lots to […]

If chapter 1 … then chapter 2 … 1. describes an actual locust infestation … presents a heightened description of the same invasion. […]